
Plant-based fat replacers in vegan brownies
This morning I completed my food science lab final (don’t worry, we still have a month of school left; I was in the first group) and had a glorious time doing so. I’ve learned something about myself and that is that my self does not like to sit at a desk. Ever, really. If I am standing and moving, I can work all day. And it doesn’t hurt if I’m standing and moving in a kitchen.
I got to lab bright and early at 8:15am to get my four trials rolling along. I designed my experiment to test the acceptability of plant-based fat replacers in vegan brownies. I used this same recipe from VegNews:

VegNews vegan brownies

Basic ingredients
The basic ingredients above were combined with one of four different fats/fat replacers.

Fat options
My trials included:
- Safflower oil (control) – monounsaturated fat
- Apple sauce – fat-free but extra sugar from the fruit
- Pumpkin puree – fat-free, no extra sugar
- Coconut oil – saturated fat
Because the control oil was monounsaturated fat, I wanted to include a saturated plant fat (coconut) as well as two fat-free options, one with extra natural sugar (apple sauce) and one without (pumpkin) to see how these varying characteristics affected the final product.
I set up a sort of assembly line to put together all four trials at the same time. I thought this would be the most efficient use of time and space.

Brownie assembly line. I like.
I also totally played culinary school in my head by carefully mise en place-ing all my ingredients and taking care to keep my station neat and tidy at all times. (Sommmebody missed her calling…)

Clockwise from top left: safflower, apple, pumpkin, coconut

Finished products
When they were done and cooled, I cut each pan into 1.5×1.5-inch squares for sampling. I asked participants to evaluate the:
- Moisture
- Intensity of chocolate flavor
- Tenderness
- Texture
- Overall acceptability
Samples were presented with random 3-integer identifiers and the “fats” were hidden away to keep people from making assumptions about the products.

Care for a brownie or four?
Of the 15 evaluations collected:
7 people ranked the coconut oil trial as their favorite
5 people ranked the safflower oil control as their favorite
2 people ranked the pumpkin puree trial as their favorite
1 person ranked the apple sauce trial as their favorite
Moisture
The apple sauce trial received the highest moisture score, which signals to me that the participants misread the scale and ranked it backwards, as these were by far the driest brownies.
Intensity of Chocolate Flavor
The safflower oil control received the best chocolate intensity score.
Tenderness
Based on a tenderness scale of “very tender” to “very tough,” the coconut trial was selected, on average, as the most tender.
Texture
Based on a texture scale of “soft/crumbly” to “dense/fudgy,” the apple sauce trial was selected, on average, as the densest. I found the apple sauce brownies to be one of the lightest, crumbliest trials and, therefore, think this may also be an error in recording on the data sheet. However, objective measure of the weight of a 1.5×1.5-inch sample did show that the apple sauce samples were the heaviest and, therefore by definition, densest.
You want my ranking? (#1 – best, #5 – worst)
- Coconut, by far
- Safflower oil
- Apple sauce
- Pumpkin
I thought they were all acceptable; it just depends on your personal preference and what you happen to be in the mood for that very second. Me? I’m always in the mood for coconut…
Other experiments today included:

Chocolate chip muffins with flour variations

Cooking variations for soybeans

The effect of added fiber on biscuits

Flour variations in traditional pasta preparation
Now that I’m done, I get to kick back and sample the remaining experiments for the rest of the year. I like this class.